linux之秘钥登录

两台主机(服务器)秘钥登录流程图

我们从A主机(左边)秘钥登录到B服务器(右边)

A主机生成公钥

生成公钥私钥，一般不需要特殊设置一路回车默认下一步即可 > ssh-keygen Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: SHA256:+ims1qKnA9kAUbwuaGmGLdg+V4w1PMj7RO4gMHI7NCU root@JD The keys randomart image is: +---[RSA 2048]----+ |.+.| |. E .| |.= o | |= = o *| |=%.o B oS| |O=O + =. | |+= o O.| |+ = *. . | |oO.o .o| +----[SHA256]-----+ 查看公钥 > ls -al ~/.ssh -rw------- 1 root root1675 May7 21:39 id_rsa //私钥 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 389 May7 21:39 id_rsa.pub //公钥 > cat id_rsa.pub ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDULg8kwT2rW8Z/r0h5lvO6KziZWV1roM/0eKVnkxeKOF9A0JAL46WF4ZA2XsNfG2camxTekC0ZwArB6uvFQTR8RZtDCwdsdsdsds6K3ytR/FOzira6z+7xbk6LvPylaCLfjfMmta04Q7dsdsdsdsdsds5MDr7oY73TWt2XToDA3FynMnl9MQjO4SoTU/Z1PiKsdOoCnbeP/O6KL+6sh9tbd5HoPPLm8LtDCeebZNhvZSulsbeTFZ5Z+HzPLostXJVhRFtiwUlaemAhXngVdIB5D9feXCYdQiP3NM0zAI94XUFCFyaSnZdv3+OTqHmxJ root@local id_rsa.pub公钥要发送到B服务器。

B服务器添加A主机的公钥

在B服务器对应登录账号的家目录下的.ssh/authorized_keys文件添加A主机的公钥 比如我们要使用rumenz账号进行秘钥登录,就是配置/home/rumenz/.ssh/authorized_keys > cat /home/rumenz/.ssh/authorized_keys ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDULg8kwT2rW8Z/r0h5lvO6KziZWV1roM/0eKVnkxeKOF9A0JAL46WF4ZA2XsNfG2camxTekC0ZwArB6uvFQTR8RZtDCwdsdsdsds6K3ytR/FOzira6z+7xbk6LvPylaCLfjfMmta04Q7dsdsdsdsdsds5MDr7oY73TWt2XToDA3FynMnl9MQjO4SoTU/Z1PiKsdOoCnbeP/O6KL+6sh9tbd5HoPPLm8LtDCeebZNhvZSulsbeTFZ5Z+HzPLostXJVhRFtiwUlaemAhXngVdIB5D9feXCYdQiP3NM0zAI94XUFCFyaSnZdv3+OTqHmxJ root@local 给公钥及目录添加权限 > chmod 600 /home/rumenz//.ssh/authorized_keys > chmod 700 /home/rumenz/.ssh

sshd服务安全配置

开启秘钥登录 > vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes

重启sshd服务

> service sshd restart

密钥方式登录成功后，再禁用密码登录

一定要秘钥登录成功后,再禁用密码登录。 > vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config PasswordAuthentication no > service sshd restart

秘钥登录测试

A主机的命令行输入 > ssh rumenz@B服务器ip Last login: Tue Mar 23 22:23:22 2021 配置正确,直接就可以登录B服务器。

原文链接:https://rumenz.com/rumenbiji/linux-secret-key-login.html

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